Education in our country is being imparted by the Government and
Private Schools. Both, central as well as state governments run schools as per
the following details:
Kendriya Vidyalaya:
Central Government runs these schools in the cities and towns.
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya:
These schools are run in the villages.
Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas:
These schools are run for girls of Scheduled caste/ Scheduled
tribes/ Other Backward class.
Army Public
Schools:
Indian Army runs these schools for the children of army
personnel.
Private
schools:
These are of two types-
·
Government-aided
·
Schools running on their own resources
Fee in Government Schools is much less as compared to the Private schools. National
At the class 12 level, the examination is conducted by the
centralized bodies, detailed as follows:
Central Board of
Secondary Education (CBSE)
·
The CBSE sets curriculum at the level of the classes 11 and 12.
·
Class 12 board examinations, conducted by CBSE are called All
India Senior School Certificate Examination (AISSCE).
·
CBSE is recognized by The Government of India.
· CBSE syllabus comprises of
textbook studies, assignments, worksheets and project work.
·
CBSE emphasizes upon logical
reasoning and applied education.
·
It focuses on the active
learning in subjects like Mathematics and Science.
·
Both private as well as regular
students can appear in their examinations.
· Because of the
affiliation of 20000+ schools in India and 200+ schools in 28 foreign countries
with CBSE, students do not suffer in case of change of their location anywhere
in the country or in some of the foreign countries.
·
CBSE supports
both English and Hindi languages.
Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE)
· CISCE conducts the following examinations at Grade
12 level:
§
The Indian School
Certificate (ISC)
§
The Certificate in
Vocational Education (CVE)
·
ISC examinations are almost at par
with CBSE Class 12 examinations except for English.
·
ISC is recognized globally.
·
ISC syllabus helps in building a strong foundation even though it is a bit more elaborate as compared to CBSE.
·
The students focus on balanced
and active learning.
· The
students get a strong base of English and can adopt a good career in English
Language and Literature.
·
Only regular students of this board can appear for
the ISC examination.
State Government Boards of Education
Except for the
Union Territories, many states conduct examinations of Class 12 by their state
education boards and are recognized by the Government of India.
Curriculum varies
from state to state and is designed by the Department of Education of that
particular state.
The students can
write these examinations in English or their Regional languages.
The difficulty
level of these examinations is less as compared to CBSE and ICSE examinations.
National Institute of Open
Schooling (NIOS)
The NIOS is run by
the Ministry of Human Resource Development for those students who are generally
home-schooled or have some gap in education. It is not possible for them to
take CBSE or ISC examinations.
It conducts the
following examinations for class 12 in open or distance learning mode at the
national level:
·
Senior Secondary Examination
·
Vocational Education
Islamic Madrasah
These are controlled by the State Governments or affiliated to Darul
Uloom Deoband or Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama.
Autonomous schools
Schools like
Woodstock School, Sri Aurobindo International Centre of Education, Pondicherry,
Partha Bhawan and Anand Marga Gurukula are such autonomous schools which are
permitted to set their curriculum and conduct their own examinations.
International Baccalaureate (IB) and Cambridge International
Examinations (CIB)
Some private
schools have dual affiliations, one with the school education board of India
and the other with International Baccalaureate (IB) or Cambridge International Examinations (CIB).
International schools
These schools
conduct one of the following examinations at class 12 level-
·
International Baccalaureate,
·
Cambridge Senior Secondary
Examination systems or
·
Under the school boards of their home
nations (In case of the schools run by foreign embassies or the ex-pat
communities)
It runs integrated
education program for disabled children at class 12 level also.
Drafting of curriculum
National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT)
This body makes the curriculum for school education at the national
level. There are curriculum bodies at the state levels too.
In the
concluding article of this series we will explore curricula of different
examination boards and other details.
The author has referred to
the following websites for developing part of the content.
https://www.edsys.in/difference-between-cbse-icse-state-boards/
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